International Journal of Research in Pharmacy and Allied Science

ISSN: 2583-6544   |  Issues per year: Monthly  |   Indexed In: Google Scholar, CORE, ScienceOpen, Researchgate

ISSN:2583-6544

Abstract View

Design and Optimization of Extended-Release Mini-Tablets of Metoprolol Succinate Using Okra Stalk Powder and HPMC K100 M as Release Modifiers

Author(s): Gayatri C. Pawar11, Tanvirahmad J. Shaikh12, Harshal D. Mahajan13, Rajendra D. Wagh24

Email(s): 1gayatripawar5999@gmail.com

Address:

    1. Department of Pharmaceutics, DCS’s A. R. A. College of Pharmacy, Nagaon, Dhule. 2. Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, DCS’s A. R. A. College of Pharmacy, Nagaon, Dhule.

Published In:   Volume - 4,      Issue - 6,     Year - 2025

DOI: https://doi.org/10.71431/IJRPAS.2025.4617  

 View HTML        View PDF

Please allow Pop-Up for this website to view PDF file.

ABSTRACT:
The present study focuses on the design and optimization of extended-release (ER) mini-tablets of Metoprolol Succinate using Okra stalk powder as a natural release modifier and HPMC K100 M as a synthetic matrix polymer. A 3² factorial design was applied to evaluate the impact of two independent variables—concentration of Okra stalk powder (X₁) and HPMC K100 M (X₂)—on two response parameters: percentage drug release at 1 hour (Y₁) and at 12 hours (Y₂). Nine formulations (F1–F9) were prepared by direct compression and evaluated for pre-compression and post-compression characteristics. Results confirmed acceptable flowability, uniformity, hardness, and friability. The optimized batch (F6) demonstrated sustained release and acceptable physical parameters. This study concludes that Okra stalk powder is a viable natural polymer for sustained-release matrix formulations, especially in mini-tablet systems.

Keywords:

Cite this article:
Gayatri C. Pawar, Tanvirahmad J. Shaikh1, Harshal D. Mahajan1, Rajendra D. Wagh2. Design and Optimization of Extended-Release Mini-Tablets of Metoprolol Succinate Using Okra Stalk Powder and HPMC K100 M as Release Modifiers. IJRPAS, June 2025; 4 (6): 154-162.DOI: https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.71431/IJRPAS.2025.4617


  1. Qiu Y, Zhang GGZ. Developing Solid Oral Dosage Forms. 2nd ed. Academic Press; 2016.
  2. Siepmann J, Peppas NA. Modelling of drug release from delivery systems based on HPMC. Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2001;48(2-3):139-157.
  3. Sahoo S, Chakraborti C. Indian J Pharm Sci. 2011;73(2):218-220.
  4. Kalu V, Odeniyi MA. Arch Pharm Res. 2007;30(7):884-889.
  5. Revesz P, Zelko R. Eur J Pharm Biopharm. 2012;82(2):401-408.
  6. Lachman L et al. The Theory and Practice of Industrial Pharmacy. 3rd ed. Lea & Febiger; 1986.
  7. Costa P, Sousa Lobo JM. Eur J Pharm Sci. 2001;13(2):123-133.
  8. ICH Harmonised Tripartite Guideline. Stability Testing of New Drug Substances and Products Q1A(R2). 2003.
  9. Ford JL, Rubinstein MH. Drug Dev Ind Pharm. 2002;28(5):491-501.
  10. Gupta A, Gaud RS. Asian J Pharm Sci. 2012;7(1):68–74.
  11. Shirwaikar A et al. Indian J Pharm Sci. 2008;70(4):415–422.
  12. Thakur RS et al. Int J Pharm Sci Res. 2012;3(12):4554–4561.
  13. Raghavendra NG et al. Indian Drugs. 2010;47(5):41–46.
  14. Ahuja A et al. Drug Dev Ind Pharm. 1997;23(5):489–515.
  15. Banker GS et al. In: Lachman L et al., editors. The Theory and Practice of Industrial Pharmacy. 1987. p. 293–345.
  16. Shargel L et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 5th ed. McGraw Hill; 2005.
  17. Dressman JB et al. Eur J Pharm Sci. 2000;11(Suppl 2):S73–S80.
  18. Colombo P. Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 1993;11(1-2):37–57.
  19. Alderman DA. Int J Pharm Technol Prod Manuf. 1984;5(1):1–9.
  20. Ranga Rao KV, Buri P. Indian J Pharm Sci. 1988;50(4):257–265.
  21. Talukdar MM et al. Int J Pharm. 1996;129(1-2):23–31.
  22. Timmins P et al. Drug Dev Ind Pharm. 1985;11(8-10):1675–1703.
  23. Korsmeyer RW, Peppas NA. Int J Pharm. 1983;15(1):25–35.
  24. Peppas NA. Pharm Acta Helv. 1985;60(4):110–111.
  25. Conte U, Maggi L. Drug Dev Ind Pharm. 1996;22(7):677–683.
  26. Charman WN et al. Clin Pharmacokinet. 1997;33(3):175–199.
  27. Aulton ME. Pharmaceutics: The Science of Dosage Form Design. 2nd ed. Churchill Livingstone; 2002.
  28. Rowe RC et al., editors. Handbook of Pharmaceutical Excipients. 6th ed. Pharmaceutical Press; 2009.
  29. Gohel MC, Jogani PD. Pharm Technol. 2005;29(10):52–64.
  30. Allen LV Jr et al. Ansel’s Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms. 9th ed. Wolters Kluwer; 2010.

Related Images:



Recent Images



Neurological Complications among Pregnant and Post Partum Mothers in a Private Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Review on Regulatory Affairs in Pharmaceutical Industry
Cucumber and Mint Soap: Preparation and Evaluation
Topical Delivery in Cosmetics: Enhancing Penetration and Bioavailability
Formulation and Evaluation of Polyherbal Soap
Gelatin: A Widely Used Pharmaceutical Excipient
Therapeutic insights into Saroglitazar: a dual PPAR- α/γ agonist targeting diabetic dyslipidaemia and NAFLD
A Comprehensive Review on Dyslipidemia and Obesity: Pathophysiology, Clinical Implications and Management Approaches
Antidiabetic Herbs and Polyherbal Antidiabetic Formulations –An Overview
Review on Clinical Research and Clinical Trials

Tags


Quick Links


Latest Issues

Popular Articles