International Journal of Research in Pharmacy and Allied Science

ISSN: 2583-6544   |  Issues per year: Monthly  |   Indexed In: Google Scholar, CORE, ScienceOpen, Researchgate

ISSN:2583-6544

Abstract View

Design and Optimization of Extended-Release Mini-Tablets of Metoprolol Succinate Using Okra Stalk Powder and HPMC K100 M as Release Modifiers

Author(s): Gayatri C. Pawar11, Tanvirahmad J. Shaikh12, Harshal D. Mahajan13, Rajendra D. Wagh24

Email(s): 1gayatripawar5999@gmail.com

Address:

    1. Department of Pharmaceutics, DCS’s A. R. A. College of Pharmacy, Nagaon, Dhule. 2. Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, DCS’s A. R. A. College of Pharmacy, Nagaon, Dhule.

Published In:   Volume - 4,      Issue - 6,     Year - 2025

DOI: https://doi.org/10.71431/IJRPAS.2025.4617  

 View HTML        View PDF

Please allow Pop-Up for this website to view PDF file.

ABSTRACT:
The present study focuses on the design and optimization of extended-release (ER) mini-tablets of Metoprolol Succinate using Okra stalk powder as a natural release modifier and HPMC K100 M as a synthetic matrix polymer. A 3² factorial design was applied to evaluate the impact of two independent variables—concentration of Okra stalk powder (X₁) and HPMC K100 M (X₂)—on two response parameters: percentage drug release at 1 hour (Y₁) and at 12 hours (Y₂). Nine formulations (F1–F9) were prepared by direct compression and evaluated for pre-compression and post-compression characteristics. Results confirmed acceptable flowability, uniformity, hardness, and friability. The optimized batch (F6) demonstrated sustained release and acceptable physical parameters. This study concludes that Okra stalk powder is a viable natural polymer for sustained-release matrix formulations, especially in mini-tablet systems.

Keywords:

Cite this article:
Gayatri C. Pawar, Tanvirahmad J. Shaikh1, Harshal D. Mahajan1, Rajendra D. Wagh2. Design and Optimization of Extended-Release Mini-Tablets of Metoprolol Succinate Using Okra Stalk Powder and HPMC K100 M as Release Modifiers. IJRPAS, June 2025; 4 (6): 154-162.DOI: https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.71431/IJRPAS.2025.4617


  1. Qiu Y, Zhang GGZ. Developing Solid Oral Dosage Forms. 2nd ed. Academic Press; 2016.
  2. Siepmann J, Peppas NA. Modelling of drug release from delivery systems based on HPMC. Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2001;48(2-3):139-157.
  3. Sahoo S, Chakraborti C. Indian J Pharm Sci. 2011;73(2):218-220.
  4. Kalu V, Odeniyi MA. Arch Pharm Res. 2007;30(7):884-889.
  5. Revesz P, Zelko R. Eur J Pharm Biopharm. 2012;82(2):401-408.
  6. Lachman L et al. The Theory and Practice of Industrial Pharmacy. 3rd ed. Lea & Febiger; 1986.
  7. Costa P, Sousa Lobo JM. Eur J Pharm Sci. 2001;13(2):123-133.
  8. ICH Harmonised Tripartite Guideline. Stability Testing of New Drug Substances and Products Q1A(R2). 2003.
  9. Ford JL, Rubinstein MH. Drug Dev Ind Pharm. 2002;28(5):491-501.
  10. Gupta A, Gaud RS. Asian J Pharm Sci. 2012;7(1):68–74.
  11. Shirwaikar A et al. Indian J Pharm Sci. 2008;70(4):415–422.
  12. Thakur RS et al. Int J Pharm Sci Res. 2012;3(12):4554–4561.
  13. Raghavendra NG et al. Indian Drugs. 2010;47(5):41–46.
  14. Ahuja A et al. Drug Dev Ind Pharm. 1997;23(5):489–515.
  15. Banker GS et al. In: Lachman L et al., editors. The Theory and Practice of Industrial Pharmacy. 1987. p. 293–345.
  16. Shargel L et al. Applied Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics. 5th ed. McGraw Hill; 2005.
  17. Dressman JB et al. Eur J Pharm Sci. 2000;11(Suppl 2):S73–S80.
  18. Colombo P. Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 1993;11(1-2):37–57.
  19. Alderman DA. Int J Pharm Technol Prod Manuf. 1984;5(1):1–9.
  20. Ranga Rao KV, Buri P. Indian J Pharm Sci. 1988;50(4):257–265.
  21. Talukdar MM et al. Int J Pharm. 1996;129(1-2):23–31.
  22. Timmins P et al. Drug Dev Ind Pharm. 1985;11(8-10):1675–1703.
  23. Korsmeyer RW, Peppas NA. Int J Pharm. 1983;15(1):25–35.
  24. Peppas NA. Pharm Acta Helv. 1985;60(4):110–111.
  25. Conte U, Maggi L. Drug Dev Ind Pharm. 1996;22(7):677–683.
  26. Charman WN et al. Clin Pharmacokinet. 1997;33(3):175–199.
  27. Aulton ME. Pharmaceutics: The Science of Dosage Form Design. 2nd ed. Churchill Livingstone; 2002.
  28. Rowe RC et al., editors. Handbook of Pharmaceutical Excipients. 6th ed. Pharmaceutical Press; 2009.
  29. Gohel MC, Jogani PD. Pharm Technol. 2005;29(10):52–64.
  30. Allen LV Jr et al. Ansel’s Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms. 9th ed. Wolters Kluwer; 2010.

Related Images:



Recent Images



Impaired Glucose Homeostasis During Clozapine Therapy in A Schizophrenic Patient: A Case Report
Development and Validation of an Eco-Friendly RP-HPLC Method for the Quantitative Estimation of Desidustat in Human Plasma
Personalized Pharmacotherapy in Obesity: Current Challenges, Emerging Therapeutic Algorithms, and Future Directions
Petrological Study on Sunstone: An Interdisciplinary Approach to Evaluate the Effect of Shodhana by Petrographic Thin Section Analysis
Gut Microbiota in Human Health And Disease: A Review of Therapeutic Opportunities.
Development and evaluation of Metformin Hydrochloride floating tablets using natural polymers with drug-polymer compatibility study by FTIR and analysis by UV spectrophotometer
Assessing Philippine Health Care Coverage Gaps: An Assessment of Accessibility of Public Health Programs in Selected Barangay in Imus, Cavite, Philippines
Isoabsorptive UV Spectrophotometry Method development and validation for simultaneous estimation of Eslicarbazepine Acetate and Carbamazepine
To develop and validate the stability indicating method for repaglinide and voglibose using HPLC method
To develop and validate the stability indicating method for Empagliflozin and Linagliptin using HPLC method

Tags


Quick Links


Latest Issues

Popular Articles