International Journal of Research in Pharmacy and Allied Science

ISSN: 2583-6544   |  Issues per year: Monthly  |   Indexed In: Google Scholar, CORE, ScienceOpen, Researchgate

ISSN:2583-6544

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Rubella: A Comprehensive Review

Author(s): Nikita Girnare1, Sameera Kara2, Krishnarati Patil3, Rajeshree Padvi4

Email(s): 1patilkrishnarati@gmail.com

Address:

    Ali Allana College Of Pharmacy Akklkuwa. Nandurbar (MH) India

Published In:   Volume - 3,      Issue - 1,     Year - 2024

DOI: Not Available

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ABSTRACT:
Rubella remains an important pathogens globally with approximately 100,000 cases of congenital rubella syndrome estimated to occur each year. Rubella vaccine is highly effective and safe when used across a population. It is a pleomorphic RNA virus in the Togaviridae family of the genus Rubivirus. It typically causes in older children and adults especially women it may be more severe with joint involvement and purpuric rash. Infection during the first 12 weeks of pregnancy results in congenital infection and/or miscarriage in 80-90% of cases. The virus is spread via oral droplets and is shed in nasopharynx for approximately 7 days before and after the rash is visible. CRS includes include a configuration of anomalies, including nerve deafness, cataracts, cardiac anomalies and mental retardation with late complications including diabetes, thyroid, growth hormone deficiency. In 1969 the first rubella vaccine was licensed for use and the centers for disease control and prevention began in national congential rubella syndrome registry. HIV-1 infected chidren with a preserved immune system and MMR immunization had a good response to rubella vaccine.

Keywords:

Cite this article:
Nikita Girnare , Sameera Kara , Krishnarati Patil, Rajeshree Padvi. Rubella: A Comprehensive Review. IJRPAS, 2024; 3(1): 141-146.


1.      Leung AKC, Hon KL, Leong KF. Rubella (German measles) revisited. Hong Kong Med J. 2019 Apr;25(2):134-141. 

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3.      Lazar M, Abernathy E, Chen MH, Icenogle J, Janta D, Stanescu A, Pistol A, Santibanez S, Mankertz A, Hübschen JM, Mihaescu G, Necula G, Lupulescu E. Epidemiological and molecular investigation of a rubella outbreak, Romania, 2011 to 2012. Euro Surveill. 2016 Sep 22;21(38) 

4.      Woyessa AB, Ali MS, Korkpor TK, Tuopileyi R, Kohar HT, Dogba J, Baller A, Monday J, Abdullahi S, Nagbe T, Mulbah G, Kromah M, Sesay J, Yealue K, Nyenswah T, Gebrekidan MZ. Rubella transmission and the risk of congenital rubella syndrome in Liberia: a need to introduce rubella-containing vaccine in the routine immunization program. BMC Infect Dis. 2019 Sep 18;19(1):813. 

 

5.      Pukuta E, Waku-Kouomou D, Abernathy E, Illunga BK, Obama R, Mondonge V, Dahl BA, Maresha BG, Icenogle J, Muyembe JJ. Genotypes of rubella virus and the epidemiology of rubella infections in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, 2004-2013. J Med Virol. 2016 Oct;88(10):1677-84.

6.      https://pubmed.ncbi.nim.nih.gov/16022642/

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