INTRODUCTION:
Cleanliness is a very important thing due to
the increasing number of diseases caused by bacteria as and germs.1 Soap
is a substance used with water for washing and cleaning, made of a compound of
natural oils or fats with sodium hydroxide or another strong alkali, and
typically having perfume and coloring added. Even today, soap is not just used
for cleaning to maintain the health of the skins; there are also some soap that
also serves as softening soap and whitening soap. In making soap often used
various kinds of fats or oils as raw material. For being used in soap
manufacture the type of oil needs to be selected in accordance with the use of
soap itself.2
Soap is an important surface-active agent and
it is chemically the alkaline metal salt of long-chain fatty acids. The most
common used fat or oils for production of soap through saponification reactions
are animal tallow, coconut oil, palm oil, kernel oil and linseed oil. Similarly
potassium and sodium hydroxides are widely used as the caustic alkaline for the
purpose.3
Paper Soap is a sheet of soap that is dry,
light weight, and can dissolve with a small amount of water within seconds. It
is a convenient, pocket-sized cleaning product that can be used on hands and
face as well.
Today, people want hand-washing soap that is
practical to carry anywhere. Paper soap itself is one solid soap product
innovation that printed or molded as thin as paper, paper soap will dissolve
when exposed to water; it turns out to be foam. Soap paper is generally used as
a disposable hand-washing soap because of its small size and thin so it easy to
carry anywhere and suitable for use during at any outdoor activities.4
Today, soap is produce from fats and an
alkali. The cold process method is the most popular soap making process today,
while some soap makers use the historical hot process.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
Selection and Collection of herbs
The
materials and herbs used were selected on the basis of literature review. The
Curcumin, Neem oil, pure almond oil, rosewater, aloevera gel are selected for
the development of paper soap.
Herbal paper soap
Paper soap is a thin soap sheet. It is an
anionic surfactant that is used in conjunction with Water for washing and
cleaning, but these times every person use Herbal because Herbal products no
side effects this reason to we are using Herbal products and making Herbal
paper soap.4
Table 1: Formulation ingredients for Herbal Paper Soap
|
Sr. No
|
Name
of Ingredients
|
Quantity
|
|
1
|
Curcumin
|
1 gm
|
|
2
|
Neem
Oil
|
5 ml
|
|
3
|
Almond Oil
|
10 ml
|
|
4
|
Fuller’s
Earth
|
6 gm
|
|
5
|
Sodium Lauryl Sulphate
|
10 gm
|
|
6
|
Rose
Water
|
20 ml
|
|
7
|
Glycerin
|
15 ml
|
|
8
|
Aloevera
Gel
|
15 ml
|
|
9
|
Perfume
|
3 ml
|
|
10
|
Orange Colour
|
2 gm
|
|
11
|
White Petroleum Jelly
|
10 ml
|
Procedure
The
Curcumin (Turmeric)
extract and combinations of other ingredients like Neem oil, Almond oil,
Aloevera, Fuller's earth, Glycerine, Rosewater were added in water and Sodium
lauryl sulphate along with perfume stirred well and both the contents were
mixed together thoroughly and the volume was made up using orange colour. And
warm the semi solid liquid and we added white petrolium jelly and shaking some
times and A4 size butter paper on spread. After that drying paper some time and
cut the paper in size then covered to pack for the development of Poly Herbal
paper soap strip.
Evaluation
Poly Herbal paper soap strip
Evaluations
done by various parameters like physicochemical, pH foam height, form
retention, Sensitivity, Irritation and Paper spread ability were performed to
establish quality of the prepared paper soap strip.4, 5
ü
Physicochemical Evaluation
Various
physicochemical parameters like colour, odour and texture were performed to
establish quality of the prepared formulations.
ü
pH
The
pH of prepared paper soap strip formulations was determined by using Digital pH
Meter. The formulations were dissolved in 100 ml of distilled water and stored
for two hours.
ü
Foam Height
0.5gm
of sample of soap was taken dispersed in 25 ml distilled water. Then,
transferred it into 100 ml measuring cylinder, volume was making up to 50 ml
with water. 25 strokes were given and stand till aqueous volume measured up to
50 ml and measured the foam height, above the aqueous volume.
ü
Foam Retention
50
ml of the 1% liquid of paper soap solution was taken into a 250ml graduated
measuring cylinder. The cylinder was covered with hand and shaken 10 times. The
volume of foam at 1- minute intervals for 4 minutes was recorded.
ü
Sensitivity
It
is tasted by “patch test. Apply product on 1 cm patch of skin, if no any
inflammation or rashes then it considered as free from sensitivity
ü
Irritation
It
is carried out by applying product on the skin for 10 minutes. If no irritation
then it is considered as non irritation product.
ü
Paper spread ability
A
pinch of product should be easily spreadability on paper.
RESULTS
AND DISCUSSION
Evaluation
Poly Herbal paper soap strip
ü
Physicochemical Evaluation
Various
physicochemical parameters which are mentioned below were performed to
establish quality of the prepared formulations. (Table 2)
Table 2: Evaluation Poly
Herbal paper soap strip
|
Sr. No
|
Parameter
|
Observation
|
|
1
|
Colour
|
Light Orange
Colour
|
|
2
|
Odour
|
Characteristics and Pleasant
|
|
3
|
Texture
|
Smooth
|
|
4
|
pH
|
7.2
|
|
5
|
Foam Height
|
24 cm
|
|
6
|
Foam retention
|
4 min
|
|
7
|
Sensitivity
|
No rashes
|
|
8
|
Irritation
|
Non irritation
|
ü
pH
The
pH of all the prepared formulations was determined by using Digital pH Meter.
(Table 2)
ü
Foam Height
Foam
height measure in ml.
ü
Foam Retention
Foam
height measure in min.
ü
Sensitivity
After
application of paper no any inflammation or rashes was observed so it
considered as free from sensitivity
ü
Irritation
Applying
product on the skin for 10 minutes shows no irritation so it is considered as
non irritation product.
CONCLUSION
The
process of making paper soap is performed by spreading material on A4 size
butter paper shows the best results as compared to other selected papers.
Formulated paper soaps was evaluated for physicochemical, pH foam height, form
retention, Sensitivity, Irritation and Paper spread ability and the obtained
results were in the acceptable limits. The formulated liquid soap containing turmeric
Neem oil, Almond oil, Aloevera was found to be easier and simpler, to produce
stable paper soap. It is also having accepted range of antimicrobial efficacy
which may act as alternative of the liquid soap and very easily to carryout in
purrs containing synthetic antimicrobial agent.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I grateful to the authorities of Chairman
and Principal, Jijamata College of Pharmacy, Nandurbar for permit and providing
the research facilities.
REFERENCES